NCFE Social Studies Practice Exam

The figure overthrown during the Russian Revolution was Tzar Nicholas II. His abdication marked the end of over three centuries of Romanov rule in Russia. The revolution was fueled by widespread discontent with the monarchy, exacerbated by issues such as military failures during World War I, economic hardship, and social inequality. The February Revolution in 1917 led to the fall of Nicholas II, resulting in the establishment of a provisional government and ultimately paving the way for the Bolshevik takeover later that year in October. This shift fundamentally transformed Russia's political landscape and led to the emergence of a communist government under Lenin.

Other choices like Leon Trotsky, who was a key leader in the Bolshevik movement, and Vladimir Lenin, who played a pivotal role in the revolution itself, were not overthrown; rather, they were instrumental in shaping the new government. George V was the king of the United Kingdom and was not directly involved in the Russian Revolution.