During which period did Humanism emerge as a prominent philosophical view?

Humanism emerged as a prominent philosophical view during the Renaissance, which spanned roughly from the 14th to the 17th century. This period marked a significant cultural and intellectual revival in Europe, characterized by a renewed interest in classical antiquity, particularly the literature, art, and philosophies of ancient Greece and Rome. Humanists emphasized the value of human potential and achievement, advocating for the study of the humanities – subjects such as literature, philosophy, history, and the arts – as a means to foster a well-rounded individual.

The focus of Humanism was on human experience and intellect, promoting ideas centered on individual dignity and critical thinking. This contrasted with the dominant medieval scholasticism that prioritized religious doctrine and dogma. Key figures of the Renaissance, such as Petrarch and Erasmus, embody the humanist spirit and contributed significantly to shaping this philosophical movement, highlighting a shift towards secular and empirical approaches to knowledge.

In contrast, the Middle Ages were marked by a strong emphasis on religion and the authority of the Church. The Enlightenment followed the Renaissance and further developed ideas on reason and science, while the Industrial Revolution was more concerned with technological and economic changes. Thus, the Renaissance stands out as the crucial period when Humanism became a defining force in