What are demographics?

Demographics refer to the statistical data that capture specific characteristics of a population. These characteristics can include aspects such as age, gender, income level, education, and race, among others. By analyzing demographic data, researchers and policymakers can gain insights into the composition and trends within different populations, enabling more informed decisions regarding resource allocation, social programs, and marketing strategies, among other applications. This data serves as a fundamental tool in various fields, including sociology, economics, and public health, as it helps to understand and address the needs and behaviors of different groups within society.

In contrast, the other options relate to different areas of study. Strategies for economic planning involve approaches to manage and allocate resources effectively within an economy, methods of government organization describe the structures and systems through which governments operate, and indicators of social class structures typically reference factors that define and differentiate social classes rather than the demographic data itself.