What is urbanization?

Urbanization refers specifically to the process where individuals migrate from rural areas to urban environments, resulting in the expansion and growth of cities. This phenomenon often stems from various factors, including the pursuit of better employment opportunities, access to services, and improved living conditions typically found in urban settings compared to rural areas.

The significance of urbanization lies in its impact on economy, society, and infrastructure. As more people settle in urban areas, cities become more densely populated, necessitating the development of housing, transportation, and social services. This shift can also lead to changes in social dynamics, culture, and even environmental concerns as urban areas adapt to the influx of residents.

In contrast, the other options describe aspects that do not capture the essence of urbanization. The transition from agriculture to industrial economies describes economic change rather than migration patterns. An increase in digital communication is unrelated to the physical movement of populations. Lastly, the decline of city populations indicates a decrease in urbanization rather than its growth. The definition presented aligns perfectly with the broader understanding of urbanization within social studies.