What scientific concept is Isaac Newton known for describing?

Isaac Newton is primarily known for his formulation of the law of universal gravitation, which describes the gravitational force as a fundamental interaction between objects with mass. This law asserts that every point mass attracts every other point mass in the universe with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Newton's work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and provided a mathematical framework for understanding the motion of celestial and terrestrial bodies.

The significance of Newton's contributions extends beyond just the law of gravitation; his laws of motion also revolutionized how forces and movements are understood in physics. His insights have important implications in various fields, including astronomy and engineering, and continue to influence how scientists understand the physical universe today. This foundational knowledge has become essential in various applications, from predicting the orbits of planets to understanding how objects move on Earth.