What term describes the exchange of agricultural goods between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after 1492?

The correct term that describes the exchange of agricultural goods between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres after 1492 is the Colombian Exchange. This phenomenon refers to the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) following Christopher Columbus's voyages.

The exchange significantly altered the diets and agricultural practices on both sides of the Atlantic. For instance, crops such as potatoes, maize, and tomatoes were introduced to Europe, while wheat, barley, and sugarcane were brought to the Americas. This resulted in notable demographic and economic changes, impacting global trade patterns and boosting populations.

Understanding this term and its implications gives insight into how the interconnectedness of the world began in earnest after 1492, laying the foundation for future globalization. The Colombian Exchange was distinct from other trade systems because it included both the exchange of goods and substantial movement of people, sometimes forcibly, contributing to cultural transformations on both sides.