Which philosophical approach aligns with the ideas of John Locke?

Study for the NCFE Social Studies Test. Explore multiple choice questions, each with hints and explanations. Prepare effectively for your exam!

The philosophical approach that aligns with the ideas of John Locke is liberalism. Locke's contributions to political philosophy, particularly his theories on government, individual rights, and personal liberty, serve as foundational elements of liberal thought. He emphasized the importance of the social contract and the idea that governments should be established with the consent of the governed to protect individual rights, particularly life, liberty, and property.

Locke's belief in the inherent rights of individuals and the need for a government that operates with the purpose of safeguarding these rights directly influences modern liberalism, which advocates for democracy, equality, and the rule of law. His ideas encourage the notion that individuals should have the freedom to pursue their own interests while also participating in a social framework that supports and protects their liberties.

This connection to liberalism is critical, as other philosophical approaches do not align as closely with Locke's ideas. For instance, utilitarianism focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number, which can sometimes prioritize collective outcomes over individual rights. Socialism emphasizes collective ownership and often involves a stronger role for the state in the economy, contrasting with Locke’s advocacy for individual property rights. Absolutism, on the other hand, represents a form of government where power is concentrated in a single authority

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