Which scientific figure was condemned by the Catholic Church for supporting heliocentrism?

Galileo Galilei was condemned by the Catholic Church for his support of heliocentrism, which is the astronomical model that places the Sun at the center of the universe rather than the Earth. This was a significant shift from traditional geocentric views that had been widely accepted for centuries, grounded in the work of Ptolemy and supported by the Church.

In the early 17th century, Galileo's observations, such as the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus, provided evidence for heliocentrism, challenging the Church's teachings and leading to his trial in 1633. The Church viewed his support for heliocentrism as a direct contradiction of Scripture and traditional doctrine, which led to his condemnation and eventual house arrest.

The other figures mentioned, such as Isaac Newton, René Descartes, and Tycho Brahe, contributed significantly to the fields of mathematics and astronomy but did not face similar condemnation from the Church for their views on heliocentrism or did not significantly advocate for it during their lifetimes. Newton, for example, developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation, which later provided scientific support for heliocentric theories but did so in a context that did not provoke a conflict with the